Electric Conductance Converter

Convert between siemens, mhos, and other conductance units

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About Electric Conductance

What is Electric Conductance?

Electric conductance is a fundamental electrical property that measures how easily electric current flows through a material or component. It is the reciprocal of electrical resistance and represents the material's ability to conduct electricity. The higher the conductance, the easier it is for electric current to pass through the material.

Conductance is particularly important in electrical engineering, electronics, and materials science, where understanding how well materials conduct electricity is crucial for circuit design, component selection, and system optimization.

Fundamental Formula and Ohm's Law

The relationship between conductance and resistance is mathematically defined by the reciprocal formula:

G = 1/R

Where: G = Conductance (Siemens), R = Resistance (Ohms)

Ohm's Law can be expressed in terms of conductance as:

I = V × G

Where: I = Current (Amperes), V = Voltage (Volts), G = Conductance (Siemens)

Common Conductance Units and Conversions

UnitSymbolEquivalent in SiemensCommon Applications
SiemensS1 SSI unit, general conductance
MillisiemensmS10⁻³ SWater quality, biological tissues
MicrosiemensμS10⁻⁶ SUltra-pure water, semiconductors
Mho1 SHistorical unit, same as Siemens
PicosiemenspS10⁻¹² SInsulators, very low conductance

Types of Conductance and Real-World Examples

Material TypeTypical Conductance RangeExamplesApplications
Superconductors∞ S (theoretical)Niobium-titanium, YBCOMRI machines, particle accelerators
Conductors10⁶ - 10⁸ SCopper, aluminum, silverElectrical wiring, circuit boards
Semiconductors10⁻⁶ - 10⁻³ SSilicon, germanium, gallium arsenideTransistors, diodes, integrated circuits
Electrolytes10⁻³ - 10⁻¹ SSalt water, battery electrolytesBatteries, electroplating, water treatment
Insulators< 10⁻¹² SGlass, rubber, plastic, ceramicElectrical insulation, safety equipment

Conductance Measurement Tools and Instruments

Accurate conductance measurement requires specialized instruments designed for different applications and measurement ranges:

Conductivity Meters

Professional instruments for measuring solution conductivity

  • • Temperature compensation
  • • Calibration standards
  • • Digital readouts
  • • Data logging capabilities

LCR Meters

Measure inductance, capacitance, and resistance

  • • Frequency sweep capability
  • • Component testing
  • • High precision measurements
  • • Automated testing

Multimeters

Basic conductance measurement for general use

  • • Resistance measurement
  • • Conductance calculation
  • • Portable and affordable
  • • Multiple measurement modes

Impedance Analyzers

Advanced instruments for complex impedance analysis

  • • Wide frequency range
  • • Complex impedance measurement
  • • Material characterization
  • • Research applications

Conductance vs. Conductivity: Key Differences

While often used interchangeably, conductance and conductivity have distinct meanings in electrical engineering:

Conductance (G)

Property of a specific component or sample

Unit: Siemens (S)

Formula: G = 1/R

Conductivity (σ)

Intrinsic property of a material

Unit: S/m (Siemens per meter)

Formula: σ = G × L/A

Frequently Asked Questions About Electric Conductance Conversion