Frequency & Wavelength Converter

Convert between Hz, MHz, GHz, wavelength in meters, and other electromagnetic spectrum units

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About Frequency & Wavelength

What is Frequency?

Frequency is a fundamental property of waves that measures how many complete wave cycles occur per unit of time. In the context of electromagnetic waves, frequency determines the energy and characteristics of the radiation. The SI unit for frequency is the Hertz (Hz), defined as one cycle per second.

Mathematically, frequency (f) is calculated as: f = 1/T, where T is the period of the wave (time for one complete cycle). Higher frequencies correspond to shorter periods and greater energy per photon.

What is Wavelength?

Wavelength is the spatial period of a wave—the distance over which the wave's shape repeats. It is measured as the distance between consecutive corresponding points of the same phase, such as from crest to crest or trough to trough. The SI unit for wavelength is the meter (m).

Wavelength is inversely proportional to frequency, meaning shorter wavelengths correspond to higher frequencies and vice versa. This relationship is fundamental to understanding the electromagnetic spectrum.

The Fundamental Wave Equation

Wave Equation: c = f × λ

Where:

  • c = speed of light in vacuum (299,792,458 m/s)
  • f = frequency in Hertz (Hz)
  • λ = wavelength in meters (m)

This equation shows that frequency and wavelength are inversely proportional. As frequency increases, wavelength decreases proportionally, and vice versa. The speed of light is constant in vacuum, making this relationship essential for all electromagnetic calculations.

Common Frequency and Wavelength Units

UnitSymbolConversion FactorExample
HertzHz1 Hz1 cycle/second
KilohertzkHz1,000 HzAM radio frequencies
MegahertzMHz1,000,000 HzFM radio, WiFi
GigahertzGHz1,000,000,000 Hz5G networks, radar
TerahertzTHz1,000,000,000,000 HzInfrared radiation

The Electromagnetic Spectrum

RegionFrequency RangeWavelength RangeApplications
Radio Waves3 kHz - 300 GHz100 km - 1 mmBroadcasting, communications
Microwaves300 MHz - 300 GHz1 m - 1 mmCooking, radar, satellite
Infrared300 GHz - 400 THz1 mm - 750 nmThermal imaging, remote controls
Visible Light400-800 THz750-380 nmVision, photography, displays
Ultraviolet800 THz - 30 PHz380-10 nmSterilization, tanning
X-rays30 PHz - 30 EHz10 nm - 10 pmMedical imaging, security

Frequently Asked Questions About Frequency Wavelength Conversion